Cushing's syndrome in horses

Equine Cushing's Syndrome: Understanding the Disease and Acting Early

Equine Cushing's Syndrome: Recognising a Common Hormonal Disease in Older Horses

The equine Cushing's syndrome, also called PPID, is a common hormonal disease in older horses.

Thanks to advances in veterinary medicine, horses are living longer. As a result, certain age-related diseases are becoming more common. Cushing's syndrome is one of the most common conditions in senior horses.

This disease progresses slowly. The first signs often go unnoticed. Yet an early diagnosis greatly improves the horse's quality of life.

Understanding this condition therefore makes it possible to act quickly and effectively.

Understanding Equine Cushing's Syndrome Simply

Why Is Cushing's Syndrome Important for Senior Horses?

In a healthy horse, the brain regulates several hormones essential to the body's functioning.

These hormones control in particular:

• energy
• muscle mass
• immunity
• coat quality
• sugar metabolism

In a horse with Cushing's syndrome, a small gland located at the base of the brain functions less well. This is the pituitary gland.

This gland then produces too much of a hormone called ACTH. This excessive production then disrupts the entire metabolism.

Over time, several important functions of the body become unbalanced.

The Causes of Equine Cushing's Syndrome Explained Simply

With age, the production of a substance called dopamine gradually decreases.

Normally, dopamine acts as a natural brake on the pituitary gland.

When this brake disappears:

• the pituitary gland becomes too active
• ACTH increases
• cortisol also increases

This hormonal imbalance explains most of the symptoms seen in affected horses.

It is therefore a disease linked to brain ageing, and not a feeding error or a lack of care.

Symptoms of Equine Cushing's Syndrome to Recognise Quickly

Symptoms appear gradually. They can resemble normal signs of ageing. However, certain signs should raise concern.

The most common are:

Coat Changes

• late shedding
• long, thick coat
• curly coat
• woolly appearance

Physical Changes

• muscle wasting
• sagging belly
• progressive weight loss

Unusual Fatigue

• reduced activity
• slow recovery
• less energetic horse

Increased Water Consumption

The horse drinks more and urinates more often.

Recurrent Infections

For example:

• abscesses
• skin infections
• respiratory problems

Laminitis

It is one of the most important signs of equine Cushing's syndrome.

Why Is Laminitis Often Associated with Equine Cushing's Syndrome?

The hormonal imbalance alters sugar management in the body.

This disruption weakens blood circulation in the foot.

Result:

• inflammation of the hoof
• locomotor pain
• risk of recurrence

Preventing laminitis therefore becomes a priority in these horses.

How Is Equine Cushing's Syndrome Diagnosed?

Diagnosis relies on two main elements:

observation of symptoms
a blood test

The blood test measures ACTH levels.

However, this level varies according to:

• the season
• the time of day

This is why the vet may suggest a second confirmation test if necessary.

Diagnosis always relies on the full set of clinical results.

Recommended Veterinary Solutions for Treating Equine Cushing's Syndrome

The reference treatment relies on a molecule called pergolide.

It works by compensating for the drop in dopamine.

Its aim is to:

• reduce ACTH
• stabilise symptoms
• improve overall comfort

This treatment is given daily and must be continued for the rest of the horse's life.

Regular veterinary follow-up makes it possible to adjust the dose according to the progression of the disease.

Benefits of Veterinary Products Associated with Equine Cushing's Syndrome

Dietary supplements do not replace veterinary treatment. However, they significantly improve the daily management of affected horses.

Supporting the Hormonal Balance of Horses with Cushing's Syndrome

The supplement: Ekycush Control is specially formulated to support horses with PPID.

It provides:

• antioxidants useful for brain function
• selected plants to support hormonal regulation
• micronutrients favourable to metabolic balance

It is particularly recommended:

• during seasonal changes
• to support veterinary treatment
• in horses showing early signs
• in older horses for nutritional prevention

Used regularly, it helps stabilise the general condition of senior horses.

Supporting the Immunity of Senior Horses

The supplement Immuno RS supports:

• natural resistance
• recovery
• seasonal protection

In horses with Cushing's syndrome, immunity is often more fragile.

Limiting Muscle Wasting Linked to Ageing

The supplement Myostem Mass helps to:

• support muscle mass
• improve body condition
• support underweight horses

Strengthening Weakened Hooves and Limiting the Risk of Laminitis

The supplement Hoof Biotine helps to:

• improve horn quality
• support sensitive feet
• support horses prone to laminitis

Adapting the Lifestyle of a Horse with Cushing's Syndrome

Medication remains essential. However, daily management plays a major role.

Here are the key measures:

Adapt the Diet

Favour:

• quality hay
• low-starch feed
• limiting access to lush spring grass

Specific nutritional supplements such as Ekycush Control can support the hormonal balance during sensitive periods.

Check the Feet Regularly

Frequent trimming limits complications.

Maintain Regular Dental Care

Proper chewing improves general condition.

Follow Vaccination and Deworming Protocols

As the immune system is more fragile, these measures remain essential.

Clip if Necessary

In some horses, clipping significantly improves comfort in summer.

Frequently Asked Questions About Equine Cushing's Syndrome

To Learn More About Cushing's Disease in Horses

• Discover the horse health category
• Check out our new article: How to Choose an Energy Solution for Sport Horses?
• Visit the page of the Audevard laboratory